A Comprehensive Review of Geospatial Technology Applications in Earthquake Preparedness, Emergency Management, and Damage Assessment

The level of destruction caused by an earthquake depends on a variety factors, such as magnitude, duration, intensity, time occurrence, and underlying geological features, which may be mitigated reduced the preparedness risk management measures. Geospatial technologies offer means occurrence can predicted or foreshadowed; managed in terms levels preparation related to land use planning; availability emergency shelters, medical resources, food supplies; assessment damage remedial priorities. This literature review paper surveys geospatial employed research disaster management. objectives this are assess: (1) role range data types; (2) application stages earthquake; (3) techniques used hazard, vulnerability, analysis; (4) discuss earthquakes disasters. covers past, current, potential earthquake-related applications technology, together with challenges that limit extent usefulness effectiveness. While focus is mainly technology applied practice, it also has validity framework for natural assessments, management, mitigation, remediation, general.